algorithms

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Peering inside the black box of AI

Five years ago, computer scientist Alan Fern and his colleagues at Oregon State University, in Corvallis, set out to answer one of the most pressing questions in artificial intelligence (AI): Could they understand how AI reasons, makes decisions, and chooses its actions? The proving ground for their exploration was five classic arcade games, circa 1980,

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How Close Are Computers to Automating Mathematical Reasoning?

In the 1970s, the late mathematician Paul Cohen, the only person to ever win a Fields Medal for work in mathematical logic, reportedly made a sweeping prediction that continues to excite and irritate mathematicians — that “at some unspecified future time, mathematicians would be replaced by computers.” Cohen, legendary for his daring methods in set theory, predicted

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“What if mathematicians were asked to defuse bombs?”

In 1998, a few dozen computer scientists and mathematicians gathered at a picturesque seaside resort on the Tuscan island of Elba off the west coast of Italy. They were there to attend a scientific gathering unlike any other. The 17 presentations suggested peculiar offerings. One explored an algorithmic answer to the question, “What if mathematicians

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